
Private Johann Conrad Döhla
Private Johann Dohla

Johann Conrad Döhla was a private in the Fourth Company of the Bayreuth Regiment from Ansbach-Bayreuth. He had already served his prince for eight years before he was sent to America in 1777 in one of several German mercenary contingents hired by England to suppress the revolt in the American colonies. He served five and one half years until 1783. In "A Hessian Diary of the American Revolution" Johann Conrad Döhla tells of his participation in the war, the routine of guard and fatigue duties, and comments on military leaders. He provides varied and interesting observations regarding everything that he participated in. Private Döhla records what he, and other private soldiers, thought was happening regarding the war and the reasons for the war.
Excerpt from the Diary of Private Johann Conrad Döhla
Directly opposite Mud Island they had built another very strong fort, called Red Bank, which could support Mud Island and also the chevaux-de-frise. Also, not far from these forts, lay seventeen enemy ships, which in an emergency could support both forts.
Already, in the middle of October, General Howe has detached Colonel von Donop with all the Hessian grenadier battalions, one regiment of light infantry, and two hundred Hessian jaegers to the province of Jersey in order to take Fort Red Bank by storm.
Colonel Donop and his troops attacked with the greatest bravery and ardor, because Donop said the fort should be named after him or he did not want to remain alive. However, the strong garrison, which was made up of the elite of the American army, and the heavy cannon in Fort Mercer on Red Bank.and the enemy fleet of seventeen ships that supported the fort with their fire power, killed so many Hessian grenadiers that the planned conquest of Fort Mercer was prevented. Colonel Donop was driven back and fatally wounded, falling into the hands of the enemy and he died of his wounds. He was, however, buried by the enemy with full military honors. All together, 22 Hessian grenadier officers, including 1 lieutenant colonel, 2 majors, and 7 captains, died on the spot, as well as 385 noncommissioned officers and privates from the four grenadier battalions and more than 200 men were wounded. The Light Infantry had 170 men killed or wounded, and the Jaegers counted 49 dead or wounded.